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Post |
| surya |
Posted
on 04-Feb-03 09:01 AM
A quick question for those familiar with the terai and harvest season there. Can you tell me about the various steps in the processing of dhan to rice the traditional way... and the local terms for those steps?
thanks
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| Biruwa |
Posted
on 04-Feb-03 11:39 AM
The process of separating rice grains from hay is called -Dain.
pronounce 'D' as in daya- kindness.
Stressing 'in'
The word is Pronounced in one Short syllable.
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| Biruwa |
Posted
on 04-Feb-03 11:40 AM
The rice grain is called 'Dhan'.
The process of separating the husk from the rice is simply called 'dhan kutne'.
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| surya |
Posted
on 04-Feb-03 12:05 PM
:) thanks Biruwa. Terain ma ni dhiki use garcha? or are the lot more mechanized. What else? Winnowing lai ke bhancha? Kathmandu ma ta most people use the naglo to winnow. What about in the terai? Ani dain garda boka pani katchan. Do you know the ritual well? Can you describe it?
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| vivid |
Posted
on 04-Feb-03 03:37 PM
Actually paddy is dhan, but after the removal of husk it is plain brown rice. If aleurone layer is removed then it becomes white rice.
In the terai they use this thresher instead of dain nowadays to thresh the paddy. I think they use gatha(water driven or kerosene) to mill the rice instead of dhiki.
Winnowing for the threshed paddy is still done by using a naglo(Lukhuri launu bhanchan) but the winnowing for milled rice is done by the same gatha by a blower installed within.
Dain garda boka katne chalan ta khai ajhkal haraye jastai cha. Actually it is known as khal puja. Rich ones still offer bokas while the others use cocks instead but not always obligatory.
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| surya |
Posted
on 04-Feb-03 03:52 PM
cool. so whats the tharu term for haystack?
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| vivid |
Posted
on 04-Feb-03 03:53 PM
Don't know the tharu term but general term ma kunyiu bhanchan.
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| Logical Sense |
Posted
on 04-Feb-03 04:23 PM
Surya, most of the answers are correct, and here is more from my experience:
My experience is from Koshi, Sagarmatha, and Jankapur Anchal.
1) No formal way to start the harvesting season. Jan (Laborers) cut the brown and dry paddy plant, make Bojha (bundle) and bring it to Jamindar's Kharihan (a nicely leveled field near home).
2) Part of the stem of the paddy are cut and left in the field to dry in most of the places. Called Laar. This Laar is usually used for roofing purposes.
2) Laborer's usually take (Sorahanni) 1/16 th of the harvest at this moment.
3) The Dhan Ko Bojha's are kept in big stack at this moment, and it is nice play place for kids and teenagers alike (don't ask what teenagers do there.....)
4) Now, Jamindar's (land owners) bonded labor will bring down these bojha's 50/100 at a time and spread them around a big Khama (special name I forgot). This is process of Dain.
5) 5 to 10 Oxes are brought to go around these paddy for about 3/4 hours. Some big farmers may use Tractors to go around this pile instead of oxes.
6) Then they take out the Pora (dry paddy hay) and what is left is Dhan (paddy), which is removed from small pieces of hay by a process called Udaune (Dhaan Udau - I think that's what they say..).
Pora is staple food for domestic animals.
7) Now, there are two ways of making rice out of this Dhan.
8) To make brown rice (Usina Chaamal), they first boil the Dhan, and dry it in sun.
9) To make white rice (Aruwa Chaamal) you simply dry dhan.
10) There are two ways to dhan kutne.
11) If the amount is small or for religious purposes people still use Dhiki.
12) For mass consumption people use Mill (Rice Mill) which removes Gunda/Bhussa (husk) from dhan to produce chamal.
Gunda is considered delecacies for Gai, Goru.
13) This chaamal is still full of husk so they either use Mill or Naaglo to Phatka it. Laborers usually take out Kanika (small broken peace of rice) as there fees.
Surya, I hope this helped.
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| vivid |
Posted
on 04-Feb-03 04:40 PM
Logical sense ji,
Since you are also talking about the eastern part, I've never heard those terms that you are using so am also amused to learnt it now.
Bojha = Beeta
Kharihan = Khaal
Big khama = Miyo
Pora = Paral
Udaune = Lukhuri laune
Phatka = Nifanne
Bhussa = Bhus
Gunda = (aleurone) nepali ma??
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| Logical Sense |
Posted
on 04-Feb-03 04:49 PM
vividji, my terms are used by maithili speaking terai basies.
Thanks for nicely putting the words in an organized way.
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| surya |
Posted
on 04-Feb-03 07:28 PM
It is really helpful. Thanks. I appreciate it!
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